What is the use of identity operators in Python?

Identity operators in Python are used to compare the memory addresses of two objects to determine whether they are the same object or not. There are two identity operators in Python:

1. is: This operator returns True if the two operands are the same object, and False otherwise.

2. is not: This operator returns True if the two operands are not the same object, and False otherwise.

Identity operators are commonly used in Python to perform checks on objects and variables to ensure that they refer to the same object in memory. This is particularly important when working with mutable objects like lists and dictionaries, as changes made to one variable can affect another variable that refers to the same object.

For example, consider the following code that uses the is operator to compare two lists:

list1 = [1, 2, 3]
list2 = [1, 2, 3]
list3 = list1

print(list1 is list2)  # False, because list1 and list2 are different objects
print(list1 is list3)  # True, because list1 and list3 refer to the same object

In this code, the is operator is used to compare three different lists. The first comparison returns False because list1 and list2 are different objects with different memory addresses. The second comparison returns True because list1 and list3 refer to the same object in memory.

Overall, identity operators are a useful tool in Python for checking whether two objects refer to the same object in memory. This can help to avoid errors and ensure that changes made to one variable do not inadvertently affect other variables that refer to the same object.