(x) Give the output of the following program segment and specify how many times the loop is executed.

String s = "JAVA";

for(i=0; i<s.length(); i+=2)
    System.out.println(s.substring(i));

Understanding the Code

The given Java program prints substrings of the string "JAVA" based on the loop conditions.

String s = "JAVA";
for(i=0; i<s.length(); i+=2)
    System.out.println(s.substring(i));

Step-by-Step Execution

1. Initialization: i = 0

2. Loop Condition: i < s.length(), i.e., i < 4 (since "JAVA" has 4 characters).

3. Increment: i += 2 (i.e., i increases by 2 in each iteration).

4. Printing: System.out.println(s.substring(i)) prints the substring starting from index i.

Iteration Breakdown

• First Iteration (i = 0): s.substring(0) → "JAVA"

• Second Iteration (i = 2): s.substring(2) → "VA"

• Loop Stops (i = 4 is out of bounds)

Final Output

JAVA
VA

Number of Loop Executions

• The loop runs 2 times (i = 0 and i = 2).

Final Answer

• Output:

JAVA
VA

Number of times loop executes: 2