An algorithm is a conceptual sequence of steps designed to solve a specific problem, while a program is the concrete implementation of that algorithm in a programming language. In essence, an algorithm outlines the logic and approach to a problem without specifying syntax, whereas a program provides the actual code that a computer can execute. This distinction is crucial, as algorithms serve as the theoretical foundation, and programs translate them into actionable instructions that can run on a machine. Programs bring algorithms to life, enabling computers to execute logical solutions in real-world applications.