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What goes into a high-level design diagram?

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A high-level diagram shows the major boxes and the arrows between them - not the code.

  • Clients - web, mobile, third party.
  • Edge - DNS, CDN, load balancer, API gateway.
  • Services - one box per responsibility, kept stateless where possible.
  • Data - primary database, replicas, cache, blob store, search index.
  • Async - message queue plus the workers that drain it.

Label every arrow with the protocol and whether it is synchronous or asynchronous, and draw the happy path first before adding failure handling.

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