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Explanatory Question

What is the final value of ctr when the iteration process given below, executes? 

int ctr = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= 5; i++)
    for(int j = 1; j <= 5; j += 2)
        ++ctr;

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Answer with Explanation

The final value of ctr is 15.

The outer loop executes 5 times. For each iteration of outer loop, the inner loop executes 3 times. So the statement ++ctr; is executed a total of 5 x 3 = 15 times.