Assignment Objective

The objective of this assignment is to help students identify different programming paradigms used in programming languages and code examples.

Students will analyze programming languages, short code descriptions, and real-world situations to decide whether they represent imperative, procedural, object-oriented, functional, declarative, or event-driven programming.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this assignment, students will be able to:

Assignment Scenario

You are helping a group of beginner programmers understand how different programming languages support different programming styles.

Your task is to study the given languages and examples, then identify which programming paradigm is most suitable or most visible in each case.

Quick Revision Before Starting

Assignment Instructions

Part A: Identify Paradigms by Language

Identify the commonly associated paradigm or paradigms for each language.

Part B: Identify Paradigm from Code Style

Read each code-style description and identify the paradigm.

Question 1

A program creates a variable total.
Then it loops through a list of marks.
For each mark, it adds the value to total.
Finally, it displays total.

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Question 2

A program defines a function calculateAverage().
The function receives total and count.
It returns total / count.
The same function is reused in multiple places.

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Question 3

A program creates a Student class.
Each student object has name, rollNumber, and marks.
The object also has a method calculateGrade().

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Question 4

A program uses FILTER marks WHERE mark >= 50.
It does not manually describe the loop.
It only describes the required result.

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Question 5

A program waits for a user to click the Submit button.
When the button is clicked, a function validates the form.

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Question 6

A program uses map, filter, and reduce.
It avoids changing the original list.
It creates new transformed data.

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Part C: Match the Language with the Paradigm

Match the items from Column A with the most suitable item from Column B.

Answers:

1 → ______
2 → ______
3 → ______
4 → ______
5 → ______

Part D: Complete the Paradigm Table

Complete the following table using suitable examples.

Part E: Analyze Multi-Paradigm Languages

Some languages support more than one paradigm. Such languages are called multi-paradigm languages.

For each language below, write at least two paradigms it can support.

Part F: Short Answer Questions

Part G: Identify the Paradigm from Pseudocode

Example 1

ENTRY POINT
    SET count = 0

    WHILE count < 5
        DISPLAY count
        SET count = count + 1
    END WHILE
END ENTRY POINT

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Example 2

FUNCTION calculateDiscount(price)
    RETURN price * 0.10
END FUNCTION

FUNCTION calculateFinalPrice(price)
    RETURN price - calculateDiscount(price)
END FUNCTION

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Example 3

CLASS Product
    PROPERTY name
    PROPERTY price

    METHOD displayDetails()
        DISPLAY name
        DISPLAY price
    END METHOD
END CLASS

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Example 4

products = FILTER products WHERE price < 500

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Example 5

WHEN user clicks "Add to Cart"
    ADD product TO cart
    UPDATE cart count
END WHEN

Paradigm: ____________________

Reason: ____________________

Part H: Case Study Questions

Case Study 1: Online Shopping Website

An online shopping website has products, customers, carts, and orders. Each product has properties like name, price, and stock. The website also reacts when users click buttons such as Add to Cart and Checkout.

Identify two paradigms used in this system and explain why.

Paradigm 1: ____________________
Reason: ____________________

Paradigm 2: ____________________
Reason: ____________________

Case Study 2: Student Result System

A student result system stores student marks, calculates total, average, and grade. It also uses a query to find students who scored above 80.

Identify two paradigms used in this system and explain why.

Paradigm 1: ____________________
Reason: ____________________

Paradigm 2: ____________________
Reason: ____________________

Case Study 3: Simple Game

A simple game responds to key presses, mouse clicks, timer events, and collision events. When the player presses the space key, the character jumps.

Identify the main programming paradigm.

Paradigm: ____________________
Reason: ____________________

Bonus Challenge

Choose any one programming language you know and write a short paragraph explaining which paradigms it supports.

My chosen language: ____________________

Explanation:
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Expected Skills Demonstrated

Evaluation Rubric

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Final Submission Checklist

Reflection Questions

Quick Summary