Vatican City is a sovereign state and the smallest country in the world by size, at 0.44 sq km. Its territory is completely surrounded by Italy and is only one of three countries in the world that are enclaves of another country (the others being San Marino, also in Italy, and Lesotho in southern Africa). Also, it is the only country in the world that is an enclave of a city, as all of the lands around it is part of Rome, the capital of Italy.