Table of Contents

    Geography of Pakistan

    Geography of Pakistan

    Pakistan is an important country in South Asia. It is well known for its mountains, rivers, plateaus, deserts, and strategic geographical location. Questions related to the geography of Pakistan are frequently asked in competitive examinations such as UPSC, SSC, Railway, Defence, PSC, and other GK examinations.

    Pakistan at a Glance

    Topic Information
    Country Name Pakistan
    Continent Asia
    Region South Asia
    Capital Islamabad
    Largest City Karachi
    Total Area Approximately 881,913 km²
    Official Language Urdu
    National Language Urdu
    Currency Pakistani Rupee
    National River Indus River
    Highest Peak K2
    Longest River Indus River
    Climate Mainly Arid and Semi-Arid
    Coastline Arabian Sea Coast

    Location and Boundaries of Pakistan

    Direction Bordering Country / Water Body
    East India
    West Iran
    North-West Afghanistan
    North-East China
    South Arabian Sea

    Major Physical Divisions of Pakistan

    Physical Division Important Features
    Northern Mountains Contains Himalayas, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush ranges
    Indus Plain Fertile agricultural region formed by the Indus River
    Balochistan Plateau Dry and sparsely populated plateau region
    Thar Desert Located in Sindh and Punjab regions
    Coastal Areas Located along the Arabian Sea

    Major Mountain Ranges of Pakistan

    Mountain Range Important Fact
    Karakoram Range Contains K2, the second highest peak in the world
    Himalayan Range Located in northern Pakistan
    Hindu Kush Range Extends into Afghanistan
    Sulaiman Range Located in western Pakistan
    Salt Range Famous for rock salt deposits

    Highest Peaks of Pakistan

    Peak Height Important Fact
    K2 8,611 meters Second highest mountain in the world
    Nanga Parbat 8,126 meters Known as Killer Mountain
    Gasherbrum I 8,080 meters Located in Karakoram Range
    Broad Peak 8,051 meters Near K2

    Major Rivers of Pakistan

    River Important Fact
    Indus River Longest and most important river of Pakistan
    Jhelum River Tributary of the Indus River
    Chenab River Flows through Punjab region
    Ravi River Important river of Punjab
    Sutlej River Originates in Tibet
    Kabul River Flows from Afghanistan into Pakistan

    Major Deserts of Pakistan

    Desert Location
    Thar Desert Sindh Province
    Cholistan Desert Punjab Province
    Thal Desert Punjab Region
    Kharan Desert Balochistan Province

    Important Plateaus and Plains of Pakistan

    Plateau / Plain Important Fact
    Potwar Plateau Located in northern Punjab
    Balochistan Plateau Largest plateau region
    Indus Plain Main agricultural area of Pakistan

    Climate of Pakistan

    Region Climate Type
    Northern Mountains Cold and snowy
    Punjab Region Hot summers and cool winters
    Sindh Region Hot and dry
    Balochistan Dry and semi-arid
    Coastal Areas Moderate maritime climate

    Important Lakes and Dams of Pakistan

    Name Important Fact
    Manchar Lake Largest freshwater lake in Pakistan
    Attabad Lake Located in Gilgit-Baltistan
    Tarbela Dam One of the largest earth-filled dams in the world
    Mangla Dam Located on Jhelum River

    Natural Resources of Pakistan

    Resource Important Area
    Natural Gas Sui Gas Field
    Coal Thar Coal Field
    Rock Salt Khewra Salt Mine
    Copper and Gold Reko Diq

    Important One-Liner GK Facts About Pakistan

    Question Answer
    Capital of Pakistan Islamabad
    National River of Pakistan Indus River
    Highest Peak of Pakistan K2
    Largest City of Pakistan Karachi
    Largest Desert in Pakistan Thar Desert
    Famous Salt Mine Khewra Salt Mine
    Main Agricultural River Indus River
    Second Highest Mountain in the World K2
    Largest Province by Area Balochistan
    National Language of Pakistan Urdu
    Practice Quiz 321 MCQs Smart Learning

    Master This Topic with Smart Practice

    Reinforce what you just learned by solving high-quality MCQs. Improve accuracy, boost confidence, and prepare like a topper.

    Topic-wise MCQs
    Instant Results
    Improve Accuracy
    Exam Ready Practice
    Login & Start Quiz Create Free Account
    Save progress • Track results • Learn faster