Geography of Pakistan
Pakistan is an important country in South Asia. It is well known for its mountains,
rivers, plateaus, deserts, and strategic geographical location. Questions related
to the geography of Pakistan are frequently asked in competitive examinations such
as UPSC, SSC, Railway, Defence, PSC, and other GK examinations.
Pakistan at a Glance
| Topic |
Information |
| Country Name |
Pakistan |
| Continent |
Asia |
| Region |
South Asia |
| Capital |
Islamabad |
| Largest City |
Karachi |
| Total Area |
Approximately 881,913 km² |
| Official Language |
Urdu |
| National Language |
Urdu |
| Currency |
Pakistani Rupee |
| National River |
Indus River |
| Highest Peak |
K2 |
| Longest River |
Indus River |
| Climate |
Mainly Arid and Semi-Arid |
| Coastline |
Arabian Sea Coast |
Location and Boundaries of Pakistan
| Direction |
Bordering Country / Water Body |
| East |
India |
| West |
Iran |
| North-West |
Afghanistan |
| North-East |
China |
| South |
Arabian Sea |
Major Physical Divisions of Pakistan
| Physical Division |
Important Features |
| Northern Mountains |
Contains Himalayas, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush ranges |
| Indus Plain |
Fertile agricultural region formed by the Indus River |
| Balochistan Plateau |
Dry and sparsely populated plateau region |
| Thar Desert |
Located in Sindh and Punjab regions |
| Coastal Areas |
Located along the Arabian Sea |
Major Mountain Ranges of Pakistan
| Mountain Range |
Important Fact |
| Karakoram Range |
Contains K2, the second highest peak in the world |
| Himalayan Range |
Located in northern Pakistan |
| Hindu Kush Range |
Extends into Afghanistan |
| Sulaiman Range |
Located in western Pakistan |
| Salt Range |
Famous for rock salt deposits |
Highest Peaks of Pakistan
| Peak |
Height |
Important Fact |
| K2 |
8,611 meters |
Second highest mountain in the world |
| Nanga Parbat |
8,126 meters |
Known as Killer Mountain |
| Gasherbrum I |
8,080 meters |
Located in Karakoram Range |
| Broad Peak |
8,051 meters |
Near K2 |
Major Rivers of Pakistan
| River |
Important Fact |
| Indus River |
Longest and most important river of Pakistan |
| Jhelum River |
Tributary of the Indus River |
| Chenab River |
Flows through Punjab region |
| Ravi River |
Important river of Punjab |
| Sutlej River |
Originates in Tibet |
| Kabul River |
Flows from Afghanistan into Pakistan |
Major Deserts of Pakistan
| Desert |
Location |
| Thar Desert |
Sindh Province |
| Cholistan Desert |
Punjab Province |
| Thal Desert |
Punjab Region |
| Kharan Desert |
Balochistan Province |
Important Plateaus and Plains of Pakistan
| Plateau / Plain |
Important Fact |
| Potwar Plateau |
Located in northern Punjab |
| Balochistan Plateau |
Largest plateau region |
| Indus Plain |
Main agricultural area of Pakistan |
Climate of Pakistan
| Region |
Climate Type |
| Northern Mountains |
Cold and snowy |
| Punjab Region |
Hot summers and cool winters |
| Sindh Region |
Hot and dry |
| Balochistan |
Dry and semi-arid |
| Coastal Areas |
Moderate maritime climate |
Important Lakes and Dams of Pakistan
| Name |
Important Fact |
| Manchar Lake |
Largest freshwater lake in Pakistan |
| Attabad Lake |
Located in Gilgit-Baltistan |
| Tarbela Dam |
One of the largest earth-filled dams in the world |
| Mangla Dam |
Located on Jhelum River |
Natural Resources of Pakistan
| Resource |
Important Area |
| Natural Gas |
Sui Gas Field |
| Coal |
Thar Coal Field |
| Rock Salt |
Khewra Salt Mine |
| Copper and Gold |
Reko Diq |
Important One-Liner GK Facts About Pakistan
| Question |
Answer |
| Capital of Pakistan |
Islamabad |
| National River of Pakistan |
Indus River |
| Highest Peak of Pakistan |
K2 |
| Largest City of Pakistan |
Karachi |
| Largest Desert in Pakistan |
Thar Desert |
| Famous Salt Mine |
Khewra Salt Mine |
| Main Agricultural River |
Indus River |
| Second Highest Mountain in the World |
K2 |
| Largest Province by Area |
Balochistan |
| National Language of Pakistan |
Urdu |