Table of Contents

Practical Assignment - Class 8 - Operating System

Rumman Ansari July 13, 2026 11 views Subject Details

HANDS-ON PRACTICE

Practical Assignment — Windows Operating System

This assignment helps you explore and understand the Windows Operating System through hands-on activities using Command Prompt (CMD) or PowerShell. You will learn to manage files, processes, users, and system resources using Windows CLI tools.

Objectives

By the end of this practical assignment, you will be able to work confidently with Windows through the command line and understand how to perform essential system tasks.

Learning Objectives

Understand the role of the Windows Operating System in managing hardware and software resources.
Practice basic CMD and PowerShell commands.
Explore file system and directory management using Windows CLI.
Monitor system resources and observe performance metrics.
Develop hands-on technical skills essential for IT professionals.

Instructions

Important: Read all instructions carefully. Follow each task in order and document your work properly.

Use CMD or PowerShell

CLI-based execution

Use Command Prompt (CMD) or Windows PowerShell to perform all tasks. Do not use GUI-based tools.

Take Screenshots

Capture command and output

Take clear screenshots of each command and its output. Screenshots must be readable and complete.

Write Descriptions

Explain each command

Write brief descriptions of the commands used and record your observations for each task.

Compile and Submit

Follow report format and deadline

Compile your work into a professional report and submit before the deadline.

Tools and Environment

Tool	Description
Command Prompt (CMD)	Built-in command line tool available in Windows.
Windows PowerShell	Advanced command line and scripting environment for Windows.
Operating System	Windows 10 or Windows 11.

Practical Tasks

Complete the following 8 tasks step by step. Execute each command, observe the output, take a screenshot, and record your observations.

Task 1: System Information

Display System Information

OS details and current date/time

Display system information including OS name, version, and current date & time.

systeminfo | findstr /B /C:"OS Name"
systeminfo | findstr /B /C:"OS Version"
date /t & time /t

Sample Output

OS Name:     Microsoft Windows 11 Pro
OS Version:  10.0.22631 N/A Build 22631
Date:        06-05-2024
Time:        02:35 PM

Task 2: Directory Operations

Create and Navigate Directory

Manage folders using CMD

Create a directory, navigate into it, and list its contents.

mkdir OS_Practical
cd OS_Practical
dir

Sample Output

Volume in drive C has no label.
Volume Serial Number is 1A2B-3C4D

Directory of C:\OS_Practical

06-05-2024  02:35 PM    <DIR>          .
06-05-2024  02:35 PM    <DIR>          ..
               0 File(s)              0 bytes
               2 Dir(s)   120,345,678,720 bytes free

Task 3: File Operations

Create, View, and Delete File

Perform basic file operations

Create a file, write text into it, view the content, and delete the file.

echo Hello Windows! > sample.txt
type sample.txt
del sample.txt

Sample Output

C:\OS_Practical> type sample.txt
Hello Windows!

C:\OS_Practical> del sample.txt
Deleted file - sample.txt

Task 4: Process Management

List and Find Running Processes

Monitor Windows processes

List all running processes and find a specific process (like Chrome).

tasklist
tasklist | findstr chrome

Sample Output

Image Name       PID    Session Name    Mem Usage
chrome.exe      12345   Console         250,340 K
chrome.exe      12876   Console         180,420 K

Task 5: Disk Usage

Check Disk Space

Monitor storage in Windows

Check disk space usage and available free space.

wmic logicaldisk get caption,size,freespace,filesystem

Sample Output

Caption   Size            FreeSpace       FileSystem
C:        256060514304    120345678720    NTFS
D:        512110190592    342345678912    NTFS

Task 6: User Information

Display User Details

Check current logged-in user

Display the current logged-in user and account details.

whoami
net user

Sample Output

C:\OS_Practical> whoami
DESKTOP-ABCD123\User

User accounts for \\DESKTOP-ABCD123
----------------------------------
User            Administrator       Guest
The command completed successfully.

Task 7: Network Information

Display IP and Test Connectivity

Check Windows network

Display IP configuration and test network connectivity.

ipconfig
ping google.com

Sample Output

IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.10
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1

Reply from 142.250.72.14: bytes=32 time=24ms TTL=115

Task 8: System Performance

Monitor CPU and Memory

Observe Windows performance

Monitor CPU and memory usage in real-time.

tasklist
wmic os get freephysicalmemory,totalvisiblememorysize

Sample Output

Image Name       CPU Time     Mem Usage
chrome.exe       00:01:25     250,340 K
explorer.exe     00:00:45     120,120 K

FreePhysicalMemory    TotalVisibleMemorySize
1203456               8388608

PowerShell Equivalent Commands

You can also use PowerShell to perform the same tasks. Below are the PowerShell equivalents of the CMD commands used above.

Task	CMD Command	PowerShell Command
System Information	`systeminfo`	`Get-ComputerInfo`
Current Date/Time	`date /t & time /t`	`Get-Date`
Create Directory	`mkdir OS_Practical`	`New-Item -ItemType Directory OS_Practical`
List Files	`dir`	`Get-ChildItem`
Create File	`echo Hello > file.txt`	`"Hello" \| Out-File file.txt`
View File	`type file.txt`	`Get-Content file.txt`
Delete File	`del file.txt`	`Remove-Item file.txt`
List Processes	`tasklist`	`Get-Process`
Disk Usage	`wmic logicaldisk get ...`	`Get-PSDrive`
Current User	`whoami`	`$env:USERNAME`
Network Info	`ipconfig`	`Get-NetIPConfiguration`
Ping	`ping google.com`	`Test-Connection google.com`
System Performance	`tasklist`	`Get-Process \| Sort CPU -Descending`

Evaluation Criteria

Your assignment will be evaluated based on the following criteria. Focus on all four areas for maximum marks.

#	Criteria	Weightage
1	Task Completion	40%
2	Command Accuracy	20%
3	Output Screenshots	20%
4	Report & Explanation	20%
Total		100%

Report Format

Your submitted report must follow the structure below for consistency and clarity.

Required Report Sections

Cover Page: Name, Roll Number, Class, Submission Date.
Objective: Purpose of the assignment.
Tools / Environment Used: CMD, PowerShell, Windows version.
Tasks Performed with Commands: Task-wise commands executed.
Screenshots of Outputs: Clear screenshots for every task.
Observations & Conclusion: Observations and key learnings.
References (if any): Websites, books, or resources used.

Submission Guidelines

File Format

PDF or DOCX only

Submit your report in PDF or DOCX format.

Clear Screenshots

One screenshot per task

Include clear screenshots for every task showing both the command and its output.

Neat Formatting

Proper headings and numbering

Use proper headings, numbering, and consistent formatting throughout the document.

Readable Content

Commands and outputs must be visible

Ensure all commands and outputs are readable and well-organized.

Submit Before Deadline

Late submissions not accepted

Submit your assignment before the due date to avoid rejection or penalty.

Common Errors to Avoid

Common Mistakes

Using GUI tools instead of CLI
Missing or unclear screenshots
Incorrect command syntax
Not organizing tasks properly
Submitting in the wrong file format
Missing observations or explanations
Late submission

Best Practices

Use CMD or PowerShell for all tasks
Take clean, readable screenshots
Verify commands before executing
Follow task order in your report
Submit in PDF or DOCX only
Write clear observations
Submit before the deadline

Tips for Success

Practice commands in a safe environment before final execution.
Be careful with commands like del and rmdir — they permanently remove files.
Use Snipping Tool or Print Screen (PrtSc) for high-quality screenshots.
Try both CMD and PowerShell versions of the commands for practice.
Explain in your own words what each command does.
Include observations about system behavior for extra credit.
Proofread your report before submission.
Keep backup copies of your work.

Key Takeaway

Through this practical assignment, you will gain hands-on experience in managing files, processes, users, disk usage, and system information using Windows CLI tools. Mastering CMD and PowerShell is an essential skill for every computer user and future IT professional — providing a strong foundation for careers in system administration, DevOps, cybersecurity, and technical support.

Figure: Practical Assignment - Class 8 - Operating System

HANDS-ON PRACTICE

Practical Assignment — Operating System

This practical assignment helps you explore and understand basic Operating System concepts through hands-on activities using command line tools. You will learn to interact with the OS, manage files and processes, monitor system performance, and gain real-world experience.

Objectives of the Assignment

By the end of this practical assignment, you will be able to understand the role of an Operating System and gain hands-on experience in using command line tools to manage system resources.

Learning Objectives

Understand the role of an Operating System in managing hardware and software resources.
Practice basic commands and system operations using the Command Line Interface (CLI).
Explore file system operations and directory management.
Observe process management and running services.
Monitor system resources and performance metrics.
Develop hands-on technical skills using CLI tools.

Instructions

Important: Read all instructions carefully before starting the assignment. Follow the format strictly for submission.

Use CLI for All Tasks

Command Line Interface only

Use the Command Line Interface (CLI) of your operating system to perform all tasks. Do not use GUI-based tools for the assignment.

Take Screenshots

Document each task output

Capture screenshots of each command and its output. Screenshots should be clear and readable.

Write Descriptions

Explain each command

Write a brief description of each command used, its purpose, and the result observed.

Submit Report

Follow the given format

Compile your work into a proper report and submit it in the specified format before the deadline.

Tools and Environment

You can use any operating system that supports a command line interface. The following are the recommended environments for this assignment.

Operating System	CLI Tool	Description
Windows	Command Prompt / PowerShell	Built-in command line tools on Windows.
Linux	Bash (Terminal)	Powerful CLI available on all Linux distributions.
macOS	Terminal	Unix-based CLI environment on Mac systems.
Others	Any OS with CLI	Any OS of your choice with a CLI environment.

Practical Tasks

Complete the following 8 tasks step by step. For each task, execute the given commands, observe the output, take a screenshot, and record your observations.

Task 1: System Information

Display System Information

Get OS version and current date/time

Display the system name, operating system version, and the current date and time using CLI commands.

# Display system information
uname -a

# Show current date and time
date

Expected Output System kernel details, architecture, hostname, and current date/time.

Task 2: Directory Operations

Create and Navigate Directories

Manage folders using CLI

Create a new directory named OS_Practical, navigate into it, and list its contents.

# Create a new directory
mkdir OS_Practical

# Navigate into the directory
cd OS_Practical

# List directory contents
ls -l

Expected Output An empty directory listing (since the folder was just created).

Task 3: File Operations

Create, Edit, and Delete Files

Perform file management tasks

Create a file named sample.txt, write some text into it, view its content, and then delete it.

# Create an empty file
touch sample.txt

# Write text into the file
echo "Hello OS!" > sample.txt

# View the content of the file
cat sample.txt

# Delete the file
rm sample.txt

Expected Output The text "Hello OS!" should be displayed, and the file should be deleted after the last command.

Task 4: Process Management

List and Find Running Processes

Monitor system processes

List all running processes on the system and find a specific process (like a browser or terminal).

# List all running processes
ps aux

# Find a specific process (example: chrome)
ps aux | grep chrome

Expected Output A list of running processes with their PIDs, CPU/memory usage, and command names.

Task 5: Disk Usage

Check Disk Space

Monitor storage usage

Check the disk usage and available free space of your system.

# Show disk usage in human-readable format
df -h

Expected Output A table showing filesystem, size, used space, available space, use percentage, and mount point.

Task 6: User Management

Display User Information

Check current user details

Display the current logged-in user and their user ID information.

# Display current username
whoami

# Show user ID and group details
id

Expected Output The current username, user ID (UID), group ID (GID), and group memberships.

Task 7: Network Information

Display IP and Test Connectivity

Check network status

Display the system's IP configuration and test network connectivity by pinging a website.

# Display IP address information
ip a

# Ping a website to test connectivity
ping -c 4 google.com

Expected Output Network interface details, IP addresses, and ping response times from google.com.

Task 8: System Performance

Monitor CPU and Memory

Observe system performance

Monitor CPU usage, memory usage, and running tasks in real-time.

# Monitor real-time system performance (press q to quit)
top

# Display memory usage
free -h

Expected Output Real-time system statistics including CPU load, memory usage, and running processes.

Sample Outputs Reference

Below are example command outputs from a Linux Bash terminal. Your output may vary based on your operating system and configuration.

System Information Output

user@linux:~$ uname -a
Linux linux 6.5.0-20-generic x86_64 GNU/Linux

user@linux:~$ date
Mon May 06 14:35:20 2024

Directory Operations Output

user@linux:~$ mkdir OS_Practical
user@linux:~$ cd OS_Practical
user@linux:~/OS_Practical$ ls -l
total 0

File Operations Output

user@linux:~/OS_Practical$ echo "Hello OS!" > sample.txt
user@linux:~/OS_Practical$ cat sample.txt
Hello OS!

Process Management Output

user@linux:~$ ps aux | head -3
USER    PID  %CPU  %MEM  COMMAND
user    1234  1.2   2.1   gnome-shell
user    2345  0.3   1.0   chrome
user    3456  0.1   0.5   bash

Disk Usage Output

user@linux:~$ df -h
Filesystem    Size  Used  Avail  Use%  Mounted on
/dev/sda1      50G   18G   29G   39%   /
/dev/sda2     100G   40G   60G   40%   /home

User Management Output

user@linux:~$ whoami
user
user@linux:~$ id
uid=1000(user) gid=1000(user) groups=1000(user),27(sudo)

Network Information Output

user@linux:~$ ip a | grep inet
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet 192.168.1.10/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0

user@linux:~$ ping -c 2 google.com
64 bytes from 142.250.72.14: icmp_seq=1 ttl=115 time=25.3 ms

System Performance Output

top - 14:36:10 up 10 min, 2 users
Tasks: 195 total, 1 running, 194 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 2.3 us, 1.1 sy, 0.0 ni
Mem: 7.7G total, 2.1G used, 5.6G free, 450M buff/cache

Evaluation Criteria

Your assignment will be evaluated based on the following criteria. Ensure you focus on all aspects to secure maximum marks.

#	Criteria	Weightage
1	Task Completion	40%
2	Command Accuracy	20%
3	Output Screenshots	20%
4	Report & Explanation	20%
Total		100%

Report Format

Your submitted report must follow the structure below for consistency and clarity.

Required Report Sections

Cover Page: Include your name, roll number, class, and submission date.
Objective: Clearly state the purpose of the assignment.
Tools / Environment Used: Mention the operating system and CLI tool used.
Tasks Performed with Commands: List each task with the commands executed.
Screenshots of Outputs: Include clear screenshots for every task.
Observations & Conclusion: Write your observations and key learnings.
References (if any): Cite websites, books, or resources used.

Submission Guidelines

File Format

PDF or DOCX only

Submit your report in PDF or DOCX format. Do not submit in image or text formats.

Screenshots

Include all screenshots clearly

Every task must have a clear, readable screenshot showing both the command and its output.

Formatting

Use proper headings and numbering

Use consistent headings, numbering, and layout to make your report well-structured and professional.

Neatness and Readability

Ensure the report is clean and clear

Maintain proper spacing, alignment, and typography. Proofread before submitting.

Submit Before Deadline

Late submissions may not be accepted

Ensure you submit your assignment before the due date to avoid penalty or rejection.

Windows CMD Equivalent Commands

If you are using Windows, use the following equivalent commands for the corresponding tasks.

Task	Linux Command	Windows Command
System Information	`uname -a`	`systeminfo`
Current Date/Time	`date`	`date /t && time /t`
Create Directory	`mkdir`	`mkdir` or `md`
List Files	`ls -l`	`dir`
Create File	`touch file.txt`	`type nul > file.txt`
View File	`cat file.txt`	`type file.txt`
Delete File	`rm file.txt`	`del file.txt`
List Processes	`ps aux`	`tasklist`
Disk Usage	`df -h`	`wmic logicaldisk get size,freespace,caption`
Current User	`whoami`	`whoami`
Network Info	`ip a`	`ipconfig`
Ping	`ping -c 4 google.com`	`ping google.com`
System Performance	`top`	`tasklist` or Task Manager

Tips for Success

Practice each command in a safe environment before submission.
Always double-check commands before executing (especially rm and del).
Keep screenshots clear and well-organized in your report.
Explain the purpose of each command in your own words.
Add observations from your experience for extra credit.
Use a consistent font and layout throughout the document.
Ensure spelling and grammar are correct before final submission.
Submit well before the deadline to avoid last-minute issues.

Key Takeaway

Through this practical assignment, you will gain hands-on experience of using an Operating System — managing files, processes, resources, and system information efficiently. This experience is fundamental to becoming a confident computer user, developer, or system administrator in your future career.

Home & Online Tuition

Learn from an experienced tutor with personalized guidance.

Enquire on WhatsApp Call Now

📞 +91 8641874911

📧 rummanansari6@gmail.com

Available Locations

Hatiara Baguiati Noapara Chinar Park Others - Online

Expert Home & Online Tuition

Personalized one-to-one tuition that focuses on concept building, practical learning, problem-solving skills, and excellent academic performance. Suitable for school students looking for structured, interactive, and result-oriented learning.

Subjects We Teach

Computer Science Programming Java Python HTML CSS JavaScript PHP MySQL SQL

Why Choose Our Tuition?

✅ One-to-One Attention
✅ Concept-Based Learning
✅ Practical Examples
✅ Weekly Tests
✅ Doubt Solving Sessions

✅ Printed & PDF Notes
✅ Practice Worksheets
✅ MCQ & Assignments
✅ Exam Preparation
✅ Flexible Class Timings

1:1

Personal Guidance

100%

Concept Clarity

Weekly

Assessments

Online + Home

Learning Modes