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    North-East India

    Rumman Ansari May 19, 2026 6 views

    Geography of North-East India

    North-East India is one of the most beautiful and ecologically rich regions of India. It is famous for its hills, mountains, forests, rivers, biodiversity, tribal cultures, tea gardens, and heavy rainfall. The region is often called the "Seven Sisters" along with Sikkim. North-East India shares international borders with several countries and plays an important strategic role in India. Questions related to North-East India are frequently asked in UPSC, SSC, Railway, Banking, Defence, PSC, and various General Knowledge examinations.

    North-East India at a Glance

    Topic Information
    Region North-East India
    Country India
    Popular Name Seven Sisters and One Brother
    Main Physical Features Hills, Valleys, Rivers, Forests
    Major River Brahmaputra
    Main Economic Activity Agriculture and Tea Production
    Highest Rainfall Region Meghalaya
    Famous for Tea Gardens and Biodiversity

    States of North-East India

    State Capital
    Assam Dispur
    Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar
    Meghalaya Shillong
    Manipur Imphal
    Mizoram Aizawl
    Nagaland Kohima
    Tripura Agartala
    Sikkim Gangtok

    International Borders of North-East India

    Country Bordering States
    China Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim
    Bhutan Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim
    Bangladesh Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura
    Myanmar Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram
    Nepal Sikkim

    Major Physical Features of North-East India

    Physical Feature Important Fact
    Brahmaputra Valley Fertile valley of Assam
    Shillong Plateau Important plateau region of Meghalaya
    Patkai Hills Located along India-Myanmar border
    Garo-Khasi-Jaintia Hills Famous hill ranges of Meghalaya
    Mizo Hills Mountainous region of Mizoram

    Major Mountain Ranges and Peaks of North-East India

    Mountain / Peak Important Fact
    Kangchenjunga Highest peak in India located in Sikkim
    Patkai Range Important hill range in Northeast
    Naga Hills Located in Nagaland region
    Lushai Hills Located in Mizoram
    Khasi Hills Known for heavy rainfall

    Major Rivers of North-East India

    River Important Fact
    Brahmaputra Largest river of North-East India
    Barak River Important river of southern Assam
    Subansiri Major tributary of Brahmaputra
    Lohit River Flows through Arunachal Pradesh
    Teesta River Important river of Sikkim

    Climate of North-East India

    Region Climate Type
    Assam Valley Humid Subtropical Climate
    Meghalaya Hills Heavy Rainfall Climate
    Arunachal Pradesh Mountain Climate
    Mizoram and Nagaland Tropical Hill Climate

    Natural Resources of North-East India

    Resource Important Region
    Petroleum Assam
    Natural Gas Assam and Tripura
    Coal Meghalaya
    Limestone Meghalaya
    Forest Resources Entire North-East Region

    Agriculture of North-East India

    Crop Major Producing Region
    Tea Assam
    Rice Assam and Tripura
    Bamboo Mizoram and Tripura
    Orange Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh
    Spices Sikkim and Nagaland

    Important Cities of North-East India

    City Importance
    Guwahati Largest city of North-East India
    Shillong Known as Scotland of the East
    Gangtok Capital of Sikkim
    Imphal Capital of Manipur
    Agartala Capital of Tripura

    Famous National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries of North-East India

    National Park Important Fact
    Kaziranga National Park Famous for one-horned rhinoceros
    Manas National Park UNESCO World Heritage Site
    Namdapha National Park Largest protected area in Northeast
    Nokrek National Park Located in Meghalaya
    Keibul Lamjao National Park Floating national park in Manipur

    Important One-Liner GK Facts About North-East India

    Question Answer
    Largest city in North-East India Guwahati
    River known as lifeline of Assam Brahmaputra River
    State famous for tea gardens Assam
    Wettest place in the world Mawsynram, Meghalaya
    Scotland of the East Shillong
    Highest peak in India Kangchenjunga
    Floating national park in India Keibul Lamjao National Park
    State known for one-horned rhinoceros Assam
    Main crop of Assam Tea
    How many states are in North-East India? Eight States
    Practice Quiz 149 MCQs Smart Learning

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    MCQ Section

    MCQ 1
    The Yarlung Zangbo river, in India, is known as
    MCQ 2
    The India's highest annual rainfall is reported at
    MCQ 3
    The oldest oil refinery in India is at
    MCQ 4
    Which of the following regions is most prone to earthquakes?
    MCQ 5
    Kaziranga National Park is in
    MCQ 6
    In which part of India is known as the Land of Sunrise?
    MCQ 7
    Tea is grown much in
    MCQ 8
    Shillong is also known as
    MCQ 9
    What is the total geographical area of Northeast India?
    MCQ 10
    Which city is NOT among the major cities in Northeast India according to the 2011 Census of India?
    MCQ 11
    Which state in Northeast India shares its borders with Tibet, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan?
    MCQ 12
    Which city is known as the Gateway to the North East in Northeast India?
    MCQ 13
    How many states in Northeast India are collectively known as the "Seven Sisters"?
    MCQ 14
    Which of the following languages is NOT a scheduled language in Northeast India?
    MCQ 15
    Which administrative body was established in 1971 for the development of the northeastern states?
    MCQ 16
    Which state in Northeast India was added as the eighth state to the region in 2002?
    MCQ 17
    Which language is the state/regional official language of Mizoram?
    MCQ 18
    Which international border does Northeast India NOT share?
    MCQ 19
    Which state capital was shifted to Dispur, a part of Guwahati?
    MCQ 20
    Who were the earliest settlers in Northeast India?
    MCQ 21
    Which Chinese explorer mentioned an early trade route via Northeast India in his writings?
    MCQ 22
    Which ancient text mentions a people called Sêsatai in the region of Northeast India?
    MCQ 23
    Which historical kingdom was described by Xuanzang, the Chinese Buddhist monk?
    MCQ 24
    During the colonial period, Northeast India was made a part of which province?
    MCQ 25
    Which princely states were part of the Northeastern region of British India after Indian Independence in 1947?
    MCQ 26
    Which state was the first to be formed out of the large territory of Assam?
    MCQ 27
    Which city served as the capital of the Assam province during British Rule?
    MCQ 28
    Which states in Northeast India have a montane climate with cold, snowy winters and mild summers?
    MCQ 29
    What percentage of India's total potential reserves of petroleum and natural gas are estimated to be in the Northeast region?
    MCQ 30
    Which biogeographical realms converge in Northeast India?
    MCQ 31
    Which battles during World War II marked the furthest western expansion of the Japanese Empire?
    MCQ 32
    Which conflict between China and India resulted in China capturing much of the NEFA (North-East Frontier Agency) in 1962?
    MCQ 33
    What is the term used to refer to the contiguous states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Tripura?
    MCQ 34
    Which valley and plains are found in Northeast India?
    MCQ 35
    What type of climate is predominantly found in Northeast India?
    MCQ 36
    Which rivers and their tributaries are found in the Northeast region of India?
    MCQ 37
    What is the average rainfall in Northeast India?
    MCQ 38
    Which region in Northeast India receives the heaviest precipitation and is known as one of the rainiest places in the world?
    MCQ 39
    Which season in Northeast India coincides with the summer months and is the rainy season?
    MCQ 40
    Which climate type is found in the Brahmaputra valley in Northeast India, characterized by hot summers?
    MCQ 41
    Which parts of Northeast India fall within the warm temperature mesothermal climate type?
    MCQ 42
    Which climate type prevails in the eastern hills of Nagaland, Manipur, and Arunachal Pradesh, characterized by warm summers?
    MCQ 43
    Which region in Northeast India has a predominantly humid subtropical climate with hot summers?
    MCQ 44
    Which factor moderates temperatures in the valleys and western areas of Northeast India?
    MCQ 45
    Which region in Northeast India has cool summers and cold winters?
    MCQ 46
    What causes colder winter minimums in the Manipur plains?
    MCQ 47
    Which climate type is found in the extreme northern parts of Arunachal Pradesh and is characterized by mean winter temperatures below -3 °C (27 °F)?
    MCQ 48
    Which factors influence the climate of Northeast India?
    MCQ 49
    Which region in Northeast India receives the highest average annual precipitation?
    MCQ 50
    Which region in Northeast India experiences the highest summer temperatures in April?
    MCQ 51
    Which region in Northeast India receives heavy snowfall during winters?
    MCQ 52
    Which region in Northeast India has the most uniform summer temperatures?
    MCQ 53
    Which part of Northeast India receives the highest annual rainfall?
    MCQ 54
    What is the average date of onset of monsoons in most parts of Northeast India?
    MCQ 55
    Which part of Northeast India experiences early monsoons due to its proximity to the Bay of Bengal?
    MCQ 56
    Which region in Northeast India experiences the warmest temperatures?
    MCQ 57
    In which area of Northeast India do temperatures vary the most between winter and summer?
    MCQ 58
    Which region in Northeast India experiences the coldest temperatures?
    MCQ 59
    During which months does most of the rainfall in Northeast India occur?
    MCQ 60
    The North Eastern Region of India is prone to earthquakes due to the convergence of which tectonic plates?
    MCQ 61
    Which organization has identified the entire Eastern Himalayas as a priority Global 200 ecoregion?
    MCQ 62
    How many species of non-human primates are found in Northeast India?
    MCQ 63
    Which animal is considered the most important and endangered species in Northeast India?
    MCQ 64
    Which of the following species is considered an endangered aquatic animal in the Brahmaputra River?
    MCQ 65
    Which center has identified the Northeast region of India as a center of rice germplasm?
    MCQ 66
    Which activity, practiced by local tribes, has supported the cultivation of 35 varieties of crops in Northeast India?
    MCQ 67
    The Northeast region of India is known for its high endemism in which areas of biodiversity?
    MCQ 68
    Which national park in Northeast India is known for its biodiversity and has been included in the UNESCO World Heritage Sites?
    MCQ 69
    Which region is the Northeast part of in terms of biodiversity hotspots?
    MCQ 70
    Which of the following regions is identified as an Endemic Bird Area (EBA)?
    MCQ 71
    How many forest types are found in the Northeast region?
    MCQ 72
    How many of the nine important vegetation types of India are found in the Northeast region?
    MCQ 73
    How many species of flowering plants are found in the forests of Northeast India?
    MCQ 74
    How many endangered floral species are reported from Northeast India?
    MCQ 75
    What percentage of forest cover do most of the North Eastern states have?
    MCQ 76
    Which language is predominantly spoken by the Kuki-Chin ethnic group in Northeast India?
    MCQ 77
    Which language was made the official language of Colonial Assam from 1836 to 1873?
    MCQ 78
    Which language is spoken mostly in the Brahmaputra Valley and serves as a lingua franca in Northeast India?
    MCQ 79
    Which language is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in South Assam's Barak Valley and serves as an official language?
    MCQ 80
    Which language is dominant in Sikkim and belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family?
    MCQ 81
    Which language is spoken in Mizoram and belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family?
    MCQ 82
    Which language is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Tripura?
    MCQ 83
    Which language is the official language of Manipur, particularly in the Imphal Valley?
    MCQ 84
    Which language belongs to the Bodo-Garo branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family?
    MCQ 85
    Which language belongs to the Austro-Asiatic language family and is spoken in Meghalaya?
    MCQ 86
    Which state in Northeast India has a significant presence of Jainism?
    MCQ 87
    Which state in Northeast India has the highest percentage of followers of Islam?
    MCQ 88
    Which ethnic group is predominant in Meghalaya?
    MCQ 89
    Which state in Northeast India has a significant presence of the Kuki ethnic group?
    MCQ 90
    Which religion has a notable following among the ethnic groups in Nagaland?
    MCQ 91
    Which religion has the largest following in Northeast India?
    MCQ 92
    Which state in Northeast India has Christianity as the majority religion?
    MCQ 93
    Which state in Northeast India has the highest concentration of Muslims?
    MCQ 94
    Which religion has a significant presence in Sikkim?
    MCQ 95
    Which ethnic group forms the largest indigenous group in Northeast India?
    MCQ 96
    Which states in Northeast India are predominantly inhabited by tribal people?
    MCQ 97
    Which dance form from Manipur has been recognized as a classical dance of India?
    MCQ 98
    What is a famous handicraft industry in Northeast India?
    MCQ 99
    Which fabric is primarily used for traditional tribal attires in Northeast India?
    MCQ 100
    Which industry is famous for Assam in Northeast India?
    MCQ 101
    Who was the first writer from Northeast India to receive the Sahitya Akademi Award in the Indian English Literature category?
    MCQ 102
    Which festival is celebrated by the Wancho people in Northeast India?
    MCQ 103
    Who is an acclaimed Assamese writer known for novels like "Moth-Eaten Howda of the Tusker" and "The Shadow of Kamakhya"?
    MCQ 104
    Which festival is celebrated in Tripura and involves worshiping the deity Tripura Sundari?
    MCQ 105
    Which writer from Nagaland received The Hindu Literary Prize in 2015 for her novel "When the River Sleeps"?
    MCQ 106
    Who is a renowned Assamese singer-composer known for his national and international fame?
    MCQ 107
    Which folk singer from Ukhrul, Manipur, draws inspiration from artists like Bob Dylan and Bob Marley?
    MCQ 108
    Who is known for their original music genre and is a popular folk singing band from Nagaland?
    MCQ 109
    Who was the first Assamese writer from Northeast India to receive the Jnanpith Award?
    MCQ 110
    Which festival is celebrated by the Adi tribe in Arunachal Pradesh?
    MCQ 111
    Which state in Northeast India has witnessed the presence of militant groups such as ULFA and NDFB?
    MCQ 112
    Which organization serves as the regional governing body for Northeast India?
    MCQ 113
    Which cultivation practice is still practiced by some indigenous groups in Northeast India?
    MCQ 114
    Which of the following industries has faced challenges in Northeast India due to the region's inaccessible terrain?
    MCQ 115
    Which organization under the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MDoNER) is involved in the promotion of handlooms and handicrafts?
    MCQ 116
    Which term is used to describe the traditional slash-and-burn cultivation practiced by indigenous groups in Northeast India?
    MCQ 117
    Which term is used by militant groups to refer to the region of Northeast India?
    MCQ 118
    Which industry is predominant in the economy of Northeast India?
    MCQ 119
    Which organization provides assistance to micro, small, medium, and large enterprises in the northeastern region?
    MCQ 120
    Which state in Northeast India has the highest circulated English newspaper called "The Assam Tribune"?
    MCQ 121
    Which airport in Northeast India conducts flights to Thailand, Myanmar, Nepal, and Bhutan?
    MCQ 122
    Which state in Northeast India has observed the presence of living root bridges near the Indo-Myanmar border?
    MCQ 123
    In which region of Northeast India can living root bridges be found?
    MCQ 124
    Which state has the highest circulated newspaper called "The Shillong Times" in Northeast India?
    MCQ 125
    Which state has the highest circulated newspaper called "The Shillong Times" in Northeast India?
    MCQ 126
    Which river is known for its famous living root bridges in Meghalaya?
    MCQ 127
    Which newspaper has the highest number of readers in Nagaland?
    MCQ 128
    Which airport in Northeast India is currently under construction in Sikkim?
    MCQ 129
    Which state in Northeast India is known for its traditional handloom and handicraft products?
    MCQ 130
    Which zone of Indian Railways is responsible for the railway network in Northeast India?
    MCQ 131
    Which airport in Northeast India is currently under construction and will serve as the closest domestic airport to Sikkim?
    MCQ 132
    The Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MDoNER) is responsible for socio-economic development in which region of India?
    MCQ 133
    Which states in Northeast India were expected to get rail links by March 2023?
    MCQ 134
    The India-Myanmar-Thailand road connectivity is aimed at making which cities in Northeast India important commercial centers?
    MCQ 135
    The Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project aims to provide sea access to which states in Northeast India?
    MCQ 136
    What is the main objective of India's Look East policy in relation to Northeast India?
    MCQ 137
    Which of the following states in Northeast India has the largest circulation of English newspapers?
    MCQ 138
    Which organization under the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MDoNER) provides assistance to micro, small, medium, and large enterprises in Northeast India?
    MCQ 139
    Which transportation mode is predominantly used in Northeast India due to its hilly terrain and varied altitudes?
    MCQ 140
    Which ministry is responsible for the development of national highways in Northeast India?
    MCQ 141
    Which region in Northeast India is known for its living root bridges?
    MCQ 142
    Which countries share borders with Northeast India?
    MCQ 143
    Which regional initiative aims to promote cooperation between Bangladesh, China, India, and Myanmar?
    MCQ 144
    Which project aims to link the markets of South and Southeast Asia through a highway connecting India, Myanmar, and Thailand?
    MCQ 145
    Which initiative aims to foster collaboration among countries bordering the Bay of Bengal for technical and economic cooperation?
    MCQ 146
    Which road project aims to connect Ledo in Assam to northern Myanmar and extend up to Kunming in south-eastern China?
    MCQ 147
    Which region of India has a comparatively poor road density in terms of road length per thousand square kilometers?
    MCQ 148
    Which program has been formulated for the development and improvement of over 10,000 km of roads in the Northeast states?
    MCQ 149
    Which neighboring country is vital for transport infrastructure in the Northeast states of India?